Novel Surgical Rodent Model for Studying Neuroma Pain Treatment Options using Targeted Muscle Reinnervation Through the Saphenous Nerve

This protocol describes a novel surgical model to study nerve pain and surgical treatment in rats. Traditional neuroma models use mixed nerves, although it is most often the case that sensory nerves give rise to painful neuromas in the clinical setting. By selecting the saphenous nerve, this approach reflects the clinical reality of neuroma formation and provides a relevant platform for evaluating surgical strategies. This method aims to replicate the pathophysiology of human neuroma formation and to evaluate a common surgical intervention for neuroma pain, particularly targeted muscle reinnervation (TMR), a widely used intervention for neuroma-associated pain. The article provides a detailed, step-by-step description of the procedure, beginning with animal preparation and perioperative care. Surgical technique is explained with attention to anatomical landmarks, instrument requirements, and technical considerations that improve accuracy and consistency. Postoperative monitoring and welfare measures are outlined to ensure adherence to ethical standards and reproducibility across laboratories. This model is reproducible, technically accessible, and translationally relevant, as it mimics the clinical reality of sensory neuroma formation. It provides a platform for evaluating surgical strategies and preclinical neuroma research.