Mental Health and Well-Being Among Asian Americans: Insights from a 2023 National Survey

Introduction Mental health disparities among Asian Americans (AA) remain understudied in public health research, despite being the fastest-growing minority group in the country. As such, it is important to recognize the status of demographic factors, chronic health conditions, and behavioral and mental health problems among AA to address these disparities. This study aims to assess mental health status of AA, identify factors influencing mental health, examine the prevalence of chronic health conditions, and explore associations between mental health, behavioral and chronic health conditions. Methods A secondary data analysis of 2023 National Survey on Drug Use and Health data was conducted among non-Hispanic AA adults (18+). Mental health outcomes include – major depressive episode (MDE), serious psychological distress (SPD), and self-reported ever having mental health issue. MDE was measured based on DSM-5 criteria and SPD based on Kessler-6 scale. Behavioral, demographic, and chronic health characteristics were also included. Results In 2023, around 5% reported having past-year MDE, while 10% having SPD, and 15% perceived mental health issue. Approximately 14% of participants reported past-year use of any tobacco products or nicotine vaping, with 50.9% reported past-year alcohol use. For chronic health conditions, 43% reported ever having high blood pressure, 31% reported ever having diabetes, 26% asthma, 19% heart condition, 9.5% cancer, 9% Hepatitis B or C, 5% kidney disease, 4% COPD, and 0.5% cirrhosis of liver. Discussion This study provides valuable insights into the mental health status and associated factors among AA adults in 2023. Past year alcohol and tobacco use, and certain demographic factors and chronic health conditions were associated with mental disorders. Conclusion The findings highlight the prevalence of mental disorders and chronic health conditions within this demographic, emphasizing the interconnectedness of behavioral, physical, and mental well-being