Mandibular Lateral Displacement in Growing Patients: Etiopathogenesis, Prophylaxis, and Early Treatment—A Literature Review

<b>Background</b>: Mandibular lateral displacement is a common functional occlusal disorder that may occur independently or in conjunction with other types of malocclusion. Substantial evidence indicates that in growing patients, mandibular lateral displacement can have a significant negative impact on the development of both the morphology and function of the stomatognathic system. Early diagnosis and intervention are therefore crucial to preventing a range of developmental abnormalities, including skeletal and soft tissue asymmetries, temporomandibular joint dysfunction, and pathological tooth wear. <b>Aim</b>: The aim of this study is to analyze and systematize current scientific perspectives on the etiopathogenesis of mandibular lateral displacement, as well as approaches to its prevention and early treatment. <b>Methods</b>: A comprehensive review of the literature published between 1980 and 2025 was conducted. Sources were identified through searches in the PubMed, Google Scholar, Elsevier, Web of Science, and SUM Library databases. <b>Results</b>: Mandibular lateral displacement necessitates early diagnosis and timely initiation of orthodontic treatment. The majority of studies addressing the treatment of mandibular lateral displacement are limited to case reports. <b>Conclusions</b>: Further well-designed, longitudinal studies are needed to establish standardized diagnostic criteria and evidence-based treatment protocols for early management of mandibular lateral displacement in growing patients.