The effect of an educational program on Hookah smoking among female university students: applying the integrated model of theory of planned behavior and prototype willingness model
The integrated model-based educational intervention led to significant reductions in both the frequency of hookah use and the duration of each smoking session. This model can be employed as an innovative and practical approach to modify students' behavior.
Authors
- Zahra Arab Borzu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4924-1510)
- Fereshteh Najafi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1058-1238)
- Zahra Khalilzadeh-Farsangi
Institutions
- Zahedan University of Medical Sciences (IR)
Publication Details
- Journal
- BMC Medical Education
- Published
- 2025-11-12
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-025-08170-y
- Primary Topic
- Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00