Transitive subspaces of $$3\times 3$$ complex matrices

Abstract It was a remarkable result of the last decades that every Banach space operator has an almost invariant half-space; see [1] and [17]. Refining the technique used in [1], it has been shown quite recently that every operator $$T$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>T</mml:mi> </mml:math> on a complex Hilbert space $$\mathcal{H}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>H</mml:mi> </mml:math> has a diagonal operator inside itself; see [9]. Applying this result to a block-triangular operator $$T\in\mathcal{L}(\mathcal{H}_1 \oplus \mathcal{H}_2)$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>T</mml:mi> <mml:mo>∈</mml:mo> <mml:mi>L</mml:mi> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>H</mml:mi> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>⊕</mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>H</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , it can be proved that a translate of $$T$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>T</mml:mi> </mml:math> is similar to an operator $$\widehat{T}\in\mathcal{L}(\mathcal{H}^{(4)})$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mover> <mml:mi>T</mml:mi> <mml:mo>^</mml:mo> </mml:mover> <mml:mo>∈</mml:mo> <mml:mi>L</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>H</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mn>4</mml:mn> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> with two diagonal entries $$D$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>D</mml:mi> </mml:math> , $$D_{*} $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mmultiscripts> <mml:mi>D</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow/> <mml:mo>∗</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow/> </mml:mmultiscripts> </mml:math> and two entries $$F$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>F</mml:mi> </mml:math> , $$F _{*} $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mmultiscripts> <mml:mi>F</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow/> <mml:mo>∗</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow/> </mml:mmultiscripts> </mml:math> of rank $$1$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> . Given any operator $$Q= [Q_{i,j}]_4$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>Q</mml:mi> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>[</mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>Q</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>i</mml:mi> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mi>j</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>]</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mn>4</mml:mn> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> in the commutant $$\{\widehat{T}\}'$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>{</mml:mo> <mml:mover> <mml:mi>T</mml:mi> <mml:mo>^</mml:mo> </mml:mover> <mml:mo>}</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>′</mml:mo> </mml:msup> </mml:math> of $$\widehat{T}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mover> <mml:mi>T</mml:mi> <mml:mo>^</mml:mo> </mml:mover> </mml:math> , the operator entry $$Q_{4,1}$$</jats:tex-m

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Journal
Analysis Mathematica
Published
2025-11-12
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10476-025-00126-0
Primary Topic
Holomorphic and Operator Theory
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article

Transitive subspaces of $$3\times 3$$ complex matrices

László Kérchy
Analysis Mathematica
Holomorphic and Operator Theory
article

Transitive subspaces of $$3\times 3$$ complex matrices

László Kérchy
article en

Abstract

Abstract It was a remarkable result of the last decades that every Banach space operator has an almost invariant half-space; see [1] and [17]. Refining the technique used in [1], it has been shown quite recently that every operator $$T$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>T</mml:mi> </mml:math> on a complex Hilbert space $$\mathcal{H}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>H</mml:mi> </mml:math> has a diagonal operator inside itself; see [9]. Applying this result to a block-triangular operator $$T\in\mathcal{L}(\mathcal{H}_1 \oplus \mathcal{H}_2)$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>T</mml:mi> <mml:mo>∈</mml:mo> <mml:mi>L</mml:mi> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>H</mml:mi> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>⊕</mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>H</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , it can be proved that a translate of $$T$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>T</mml:mi> </mml:math> is similar to an operator $$\widehat{T}\in\mathcal{L}(\mathcal{H}^{(4)})$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mover> <mml:mi>T</mml:mi> <mml:mo>^</mml:mo> </mml:mover> <mml:mo>∈</mml:mo> <mml:mi>L</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>H</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mn>4</mml:mn> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> with two diagonal entries $$D$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>D</mml:mi> </mml:math> , $$D_{*} $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mmultiscripts> <mml:mi>D</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow/> <mml:mo>∗</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow/> </mml:mmultiscripts> </mml:math> and two entries $$F$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>F</mml:mi> </mml:math> , $$F _{*} $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mmultiscripts> <mml:mi>F</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow/> <mml:mo>∗</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow/> </mml:mmultiscripts> </mml:math> of rank $$1$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> . Given any operator $$Q= [Q_{i,j}]_4$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>Q</mml:mi> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>[</mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>Q</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>i</mml:mi> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mi>j</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>]</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mn>4</mml:mn> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> in the commutant $$\{\widehat{T}\}'$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>{</mml:mo> <mml:mover> <mml:mi>T</mml:mi> <mml:mo>^</mml:mo> </mml:mover> <mml:mo>}</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>′</mml:mo> </mml:msup> </mml:math> of $$\widehat{T}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mover> <mml:mi>T</mml:mi> <mml:mo>^</mml:mo> </mml:mover> </mml:math> , the operator entry $$Q_{4,1}$$</jats:tex-m

Analysis MathematicaVol. 51(4)
University of Szeged (HU)
Openalex Percentile: Top 53%
Holomorphic and Operator Theory
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