The task of modeling a random experiment as a tool for developing students' thinking

The article describes the structure of educational mathematical activity on modeling a random experiment. Emphasis is placed on the need to include in the modeling process a description of the action that leads to a random result. It is shown that modeling a probabilistic and deterministic applied problem has a single structure. The possibilities of modeling a probabilistic problem in the context of developing students' completeness and structured reasoning as characteristics of thinking are demonstrated. The proposed idea of working with the problem is illustrated by an example of a "routine" probabilistic problem with chess pieces. The possibility of varying and comprehensively studying this problem in the context of developing students' scientific and research types of thinking is described. All problems given in the material have visual illustrated solutions. The definitions of unconditional and conditional probability of a random event, the formula for total probability, and Bayes' formula are used as mathematical tools for solving the problem.