Trends & Technologies in Obstacle Avoidance Systems Based on Arduino

Abstract: Robotics and autonomous systems play a crucial role in modern technology, with uses that span from industrial automation to personal assistance. A key requirement for any mobile robot is its capability to navigate its surroundings safely and detect nearby obstacles to prevent collisions. Conventional remote-controlled (RC) vehicles provide manual operation but lack environmental awareness, rendering them susceptible to accidents. This project introduces an Obstacle Detector Robot Car constructed using Arduino microcontroller technology. The system is equipped with an HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor to detect nearby objects and avert collisions. Furthermore, it includes an HC-05 Bluetooth module to facilitate wireless manual control. The robot car functions in two modes: an autonomous mode that allows for obstacle detection and automatic avoidance, and a manual mode that enables control through a smartphone app via Bluetooth. The Arduino Uno processes sensor data and user commands, managing the motors through a motor driver module. The main goal of this project is to develop a cost-effective, functional robotic system that illustrates essential concepts in embedded systems, sensor integration, and wireless communication. The robot is designed to be educational, user-friendly, and provides a solid foundation for more sophisticated robotics applications such as autonomous navigation and Internet of Things (IoT) connectivity. By integrating both autonomous and manual modes, the Obstacle Detector Robot Car improves functionality and practical learning opportunities. It is particularly suitable for students, hobbyists, and developers looking for an introduction to intelligent robotic systems and the real-world applications of automation.