Development and Performance Evaluation of Solid–Liquid Two-Component Coatings for Airport Cement Pavement Focused on Texture Reconstruction

Pavement texture is a crucial factor influencing both skid resistance and durability. This study aims to investigate the impact of texture reconstruction on pavement performance, which holds significant scientific value for enhancing road safety and durability. The research focuses on the reconstruction of airport cement pavement textures through the design of seven solid-liquid, two-component coating formulations, comprising three types of coatings: emulsion coating (P), waterborne epoxy coating (E), and water-based coating (W). Laser texture scanning technology was employed to identify the texture characteristics, which, combined with the British pendulum test, enabled a comprehensive analysis of skid resistance. Additionally, the coating-concrete interfacial strength and frost resistance were evaluated through pull-out tests, flexural strength tests, and freeze-thaw cycle tests. The results demonstrated that, compared to uncoated concrete, the mean profile depth (MPD) of the P, E, and W coatings increased by 43.4%, 34.7%, and 21.6%, respectively. Furthermore, the peak band of the slope spectrum density (SSD) shifted from a range greater than 1 mm to approximately 0.5 mm following coating application. The British pendulum number (BPN) increased by 25%, 20%, and 15% for the P, E and W coatings, demonstrating a strong correlation with MPD (R² = 0.95). These results indicate that the coated surface texture exhibits superior properties, which explain the enhanced slip resistance from a textural perspective. Moreover, the interfacial strength between the coating and concrete initially increased and then decreased with increasing coating thickness. In comparison, the interfacial bonding strength of the E coating was significantly higher than that of the P and W coatings. Furthermore, compared to the P and W coatings, the flexural bond strength of the E coating increased by 7% and 74%, respectively. After undergoing the freeze-thaw cycle, the E coating exhibited the best freeze resistance, while the W coating exhibited the poorest performance. In summary, the P coating excelled in texture reconstruction, while the E coating provided superior bonding and freeze resistance. This paper presents a novel approach to the development of coating materials for use on airport pavements.