Mechanical and Durability Performance of Sustainable Concrete Incorporating Stone Dust as Sand Substitute and Sugarcane Bagasse Ash as Cement Replacement

This study investigates the mechanical and durability performance of sustainable concrete using stone dust (SD) and ground sugarcane bagasse ash (GSCBA) to partially replace natural sand and cement, respectively. The experimental program was conducted with concrete containing 0–40 wt% GSCBA and 100% SD were prepared and tested. The results showed that full replacement of natural sand with SD did not significantly affect compressive strength. Concrete containing 10% GSCBA and 100% SD (10GSCBA) exhibited comparable compressive strength to the control concrete (CON) up to 90 days. However, the modulus of elasticity and modulus of rupture decreased slightly with increasing GSCBA content, indicating a close correlation with compressive strength. The mix containing 40% GSCBA and 100% SD (40GSCBA) achieved a compressive strength of 42.6 MPa at 90 days, representing 91% of the CON, with acceptable durability performance. These findings demonstrate that the combined utilization of SD and GSCBA offers an innovative and eco-efficient solution for concrete production, contributing to reduced cement consumption, lower production costs, and minimized carbon emissions without necessarily affecting mechanical strength or the long-term viability of the system.