Can one-step reinforcement learning guide optimal timing for PEG and tracheostomy in severe TBI? Insights from a 2016–2023 retrospective cohort study at a single academic institution

Early interventions are associated with improved outcomes; however, delaying PEG or trach placement may be advantageous in select situations to reduce mortality. RL techniques, such as TD and Q-learning, can aid in decision-making regarding interventions.