The eco-pet connection: dog and cat ownership's effect on food over-ordering intentions and sustainable practices

Purpose This study examines how dog and cat ownership influences food over-ordering intentions, an underexplored factor affecting sustainability and waste management. Design/methodology/approach Using structural equation modeling, data from 318 pet-owning customers in Fiji were analyzed to explore the relationship between pet ownership and food over-ordering intentions. The study considers environmental consciousness, price sensitivity and pet attachment, grounded in Social Cognitive Theory. Findings Significant behavioral differences were found between dog and cat owners regarding food over-ordering. Dog owners are more environmentally conscious yet more likely to over-order food, whereas cat owners are more price-sensitive and less prone to over-ordering. Among dog owners, higher environmental consciousness is associated with reduced food over-ordering. Price sensitivity negatively affects over-ordering among cat owners. Additionally, strong pet attachment intensifies these tendencies, particularly among dog owners. Originality/value This study highlights how pet ownership influences food over-ordering intentions, providing novel insights into the roles of environmental consciousness and price sensitivity among dog and cat owners. Applying social cognitive theory deepens our understanding of how personal and environmental factors shape consumer behavior. The findings inform marketers to promote eco-friendly products to dog owners and value-oriented deals to cat owners. Food service providers can implement portion control and pet-friendly menus, while policymakers can design initiatives supporting responsible pet ownership and sustainable consumption. These strategies enhance waste management and align with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, underscoring the importance of understanding customer behaviors for sustainable, customer-centric operations.