An unusual rare case report of colonic ameboma mimicking Crohn’s disease: A rare clinical masquerade

Ameboma is a rare manifestation of Entamoeba histolytica infection, often mimicking inflammatory bowel disease or malignancies. We report a 52-year-old female, a known case of pancreatitis, who presented with recurrent abdominal pain predominantly in the right lower quadrant for 4 months, with no relief despite conservative treatment and a significant increase in the chief complaint for 1 month. It was associated with unexplained weight loss. Radiological cross-sectional imaging (computed tomography enterography) was suggestive of inflammatory bowel disease, possibility of Crohn’s disease, with other imaging differential being infective/granulomatous etiology. Colonoscopy revealed extreme nodularity of the ascending colon and cecal mucosa with erosions and ulceration. After a multidisciplinary team discussion, the patient underwent a right hemicolectomy; however, histopathology confirmed E. histolytica trophozoites, diagnosing Ameboma. This case highlights the diagnostic challenge posed by Ameboma and the importance of considering it in the differential diagnoses of inflammatory bowel disease, particularly in endemic areas.