The Spatial-Temporal Evolution and Urban–Rural Differences of County Resilience in China

Under the background of urban–rural dual structure, integrating urban and rural resilience construction is inevitable to realize high-quality development. This study constructs a unified urban–rural resilience index system, evaluates county-level resilience of China, and reveals its spatial-temporal evolution and the characteristics of urban–rural differentiation. The results show that the development level of county resilience in China generally raised from 2010 to 2021, but regional differences are obvious. Development level of county resilience shows prominent urban–rural differences, with higher resilience in urban areas and lower in countryside, mainly due to the urban–rural differences in economic development and population. The urban–rural resilience difference in the southeast is significantly higher than that in the northwest China. These results suggest that there is a coexistence of regional and urban–rural divergence in the process of county-level resilience development, and attention needs to be paid to this complex feature when formulating development strategies.