The Impact of Station Capacity on Timetable Fragility: A Case Study of the Jæren Line

A common approach to mitigate delays in railway networks and improve timetable robustness is to incorporate time supplements. These supplements allow trains to accommodate small disturbances and reduce knock-on delays, often by permitting trains to run at their maximum allowed speed. However, most studies focusing on robustness and time supplement allocation do not account for real-time corrective actions. The concept of fragility offers the potential to improve this decision-making process. In this work, we present a comprehensive analysis of the fragility of train timetables to study its potential to help route planners implement more targeted measures to enhance its robustness. This study investigates the impact of infrastructure constraints, such as station capacity, on the fragility of a train timetable. Preliminary results from real-life scenarios of the Jæren Line in Norway are presented.