Blockchain and the metaverse in tourism: A conceptual framework for decentralized OTAs

This study develops a conceptual framework for integrating blockchain and metaverse technologies in Online Travel Agencies (OTAs). It explores how decentralized identity verification, smart contracts, and immersive virtual experiences can transform booking systems, reduce costs, and enhance user trust. By analyzing technical architectures, economic implications, and adoption challenges, the study offers a roadmap for transitioning toward decentralized, transparent, and user-centric OTA models. The framework bridges existing research gaps and provides strategic guidance for the future of travel distribution.