Integration of vibration isolation and anti-resonance barrier in structures

Railroad trains induce vertical vibrations and noise in adjacent buildings, where conventional vibration isolation technologies face a critical trade-off between load-bearing capacity and isolation performance. To address this challenge, this study proposes a novel structure integrating vibration isolation and anti-resonance barriers (SIVIAB). By combining vertical vibration-isolating bearings with barrier oscillators in the building’s lower section, SIVIAB suppresses vibrations through anti-resonance mechanisms while maintaining structural stability. Finite element analysis of single-span structural models reveals that increasing building height reduces vibration filtering efficiency and broadens vibration amplification bands. Furthermore, modal resonance in isolated structures weakens filtering, while non-isolated modes enhance it via anti-resonance. Critically, supplementary barrier oscillators effectively mitigate resonance peaks, resulting in a 50% reduction in vibration transmission amplitudes and a 1.5–5.7 dB decrease in floor-by-floor vibration levels. SIVIAB achieves a balance between vertical stiffness requirements and vibration control efficacy, offering a practical solution for high-rise buildings located near rail transit systems.