Generating Immunocompetent 3-Dimensional Full-Thickness Models of Human Skin

The goal of this report is to introduce 3-dimensional (3D) immunocompetent skin models for investigating human skin inflammation in vitro to the broader community using primary cells only and to present protocols to rebuild those using commercially available human skin equivalents (HSEs). In the future, immunocompetent HSEs can likely be used to model individual patients or situations for prediction of enhanced therapeutic success and therapy optimization ("precision medicine"). The incorporation of immune cells into 3D models allows for better understanding of their involvement in the development and therapy of human skin diseases.