Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ab: a functional core of transgenic maize

Transgenic maize expressing insecticidal proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), primarily Cry proteins, has become a cornerstone of Integrated Pest Management strategies against major lepidopteran pests. In China, Cry1Ab remains the predominant Bt protein expressed in most commercialized maize varieties. In this review, we summarize: 1) the research, development, and adoption of Cry1Ab; 2) its structure and insecticidal spectrum; and 3) its mode of action. We conclude by discussing the evolution of insect resistance to Cry1Ab and the corresponding resistance management strategies.