The Influence Mechanism of Extracurricular Activity Participation on the Perceived Improvement of Comprehensive Literacy Among Medical Students: The Mediating Role of Self-Efficacy

Extracurricular activity participation is a significant pathway for promoting comprehensive literacy development among medical students, with higher participation frequency leading to more pronounced effects. General self-efficacy plays a partial mediating role in this relationship. Universities should encourage students to actively participate in extracurricular activities and intentionally foster their self-efficacy within these activities to more effectively enhance their comprehensive literacy.