Nanoemulsion Gel as a Novel Delivery System for Phytoconstituents: An Innovative Approach for Improved Solubility, Bioavailability, and Stability

Nanoemulsion gel, a novel method of delivering medication through the skin, is gaining popularity in the pharmaceutical industry. Phytoconstituents derived from plants possess diverse therapeutic properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities. The problem with delivering bioactive phytoconstituents lies in their poor solubility, limited permeability, reduced bioavailability, and instability. Nanoemulgel addresses these challenges by enhancing solubility, increasing bioavailability through improved absorption, offering targeted delivery to specific sites, and providing protection against degradation, ultimately improving the efficacy and therapeutic potential of phytoconstituents. Nanoemulsions are nano-sized emulsions with droplet sizes ranging from 20 to 500 nm, offering an innovative platform for delivering phytoconstituents. Nanoemulsions have great potential applications in the treatment of various diseases, the food industry, and cosmetics due to their properties, which enhance the solubility and absorption of phytoconstituents. This review highlights the major research on various phytoconstituent-based nanoemulgel for their multidimensional applications. Here, we review methods for preparing nanoemulsions, including the high-energy approach and the low-energy approach, and also discuss the stability of nanoemulsions. Furthermore, we discuss 33 bioactive phytoconstituents loaded nanoemulgel for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, cancer, inflammation, wound healing, and skin disorders. Additionally, 11 bioactive phytoconstituent-based nanoemulgels were reported for their miscellaneous benefits in numerous disease conditions, confirming that nanoemulsions enhance solubility, absorption, and bioavailability.