From artificial intelligence adoption to enterprise green development: Does dual environmental turbulence matter?

In the context of the global resource crisis, resource-based enterprises green transformation is a key way to achieve the “dual-carbon” goal, in which artificial intelligence (AI) adoption plays an increasingly important role. This study examines the impacts of AI adoption on enterprise green transformation from the dual environmental turbulence perspective by using the data of 1113 Chinese resource-based enterprises from 2010 to 2023. Our findings indicate that AI adoption has a significant facilitating effect on the enterprise green transformation, and that the green transformation effect is more prominent in lower proportion of technical personnel and non-large-sized enterprises. Mechanistic analysis shows that AI adoption promotes enterprise green transformation by increasing R&D investment, improving risk-taking capacity, and stimulating green investment, compensating for the shortcomings of the two paths of government governance and market efficiency. At the same time, dual environmental turbulence as an external shock can strengthen the green transformation promotion effect of AI adoption. Based on these findings, this paper provides relevant policy suggestions about the development of AI adoption in resource-based enterprises from the perspectives of government and enterprises.