The unsustainable nature of the career ecosystem of autistic individuals in Brazil

Purpose This study aims to examine the unsustainable nature of the career ecosystem of autistic individuals in Brazilian favelas. By adopting a multi-level perspective, it explores how societal, organizational and individual factors interact to hinder sustainable career development for this population. Design/methodology/approach The study is based on a three-year longitudinal ethnography of two autistic individuals living in the favelas. Data were collected through observations, formal interviews and multiple informal interactions, allowing for an in-depth understanding of their career trajectories, challenges and coping strategies. Findings The findings reveal that the career ecosystem of autistic individuals in Brazilian favelas is structurally unsustainable. At the societal level, spiritual beliefs about autism and the absence of governmental support hinder career agency. At the organizational level, the misalignment between workplace characteristics and autistic needs, coupled with a lack of workplace accommodations, pushes individuals into unemployment or unpaid employment. At the individual level, low self-esteem and self-efficacy beliefs lower their career aspirations. These multi-level factors interconnect over time and render the career ecosystem unsustainable for autistic individuals. Practical implications Policymakers and organizations should develop inclusive policies that align workplace structures with autistic needs. Community-based initiatives and continuous employment support can enhance career sustainability for autistic individuals in disadvantaged settings. Addressing structural barriers through targeted interventions can foster long-term labor market inclusion. Originality/value This study expands the literature on sustainable careers by incorporating an intersectional perspective on neurodiversity, poverty and cultural beliefs in the Global South.