Vaccine research in cognitive impairment and dementia: a bibliometric analysis and future outlook (2000–2025)

Vaccine research in CI/dementia has matured into a multidisciplinary, prevention-oriented enterprise. Future priorities include (i) multi-epitope or mRNA-based vaccines that address amyloid, tau and inflammatory cascades; (ii) strategies to overcome immunosenescence for earlier, prophylactic immunization; (iii) mechanistic and interventional studies to validate the neuroprotective signals seen with routine adult vaccines. These directions will be pivotal for translating immunological insights into effective, population-level protection against dementia.