Magnetron as an Effective Source of Electromagnetic Energy: Development and Application Prospects

In this paper, we examine two interconnected problems. The first relates to the generation of electromagnetic energy and its widespread use in various fields, including radar, communications, and microwave technology in medicine, industry, science, agriculture, and so on. We analyze existing energy types, highlighting the role and significance of electromagnetic energy and its influence on multiple technologies and processes. The second problem focuses on effective electromagnetic energy sources, with conventional magnetrons being the most commonly used. Developing double-output magnetrons is a promising approach to improving the design of traditional magnetrons across a broad range of frequencies and power levels. We present the theoretical and experimental results of studies on low-voltage dual-output magnetrons, including prototypes for the X and Ku bands. These magnetrons achieve maximum average powers of approximately 18.6 W and 15.5 W, with frequency tuning ranges of about 220 MHz and 150 MHz, and frequency stability of no worse than 10<sup>-6</sup>. Computer modeling results for a W-band magnetron are also provided. Examples of using dual-output magnetrons in radar and communication systems include frequency tuning, stabilization, and modulation. The design methodology for low-voltage double-output magnetrons is also shared, particularly for high-power magnetrons, such as oven magnetrons, which have two RF energy outputs. The operational features and benefits of this innovative magnetron are discussed. It is demonstrated that employing a second RF output allows for frequency tuning up of the oven magnetron in the range approximately 460 MHz, with an anode voltage of 4.1 kV and an output power of 800 W. Potential application areas for this magnetron are also explored.