Design of Solid-State Electrolytes for High-Performance All-Solid-State Batteries

All-solid-state batteries (ASSBs) utilizing solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) offer significant advantages over conventional liquid-electrolyte systems, including enhanced safety, improved thermal stability, and the potential for higher cell-level energy density through stable operation of high-energy electrodes such as lithium metal anodes.However, the practical implementation of ASSBs faces considerable challenges related to ionic conductivity at ambient temperature, electrode-electrolyte interfacial engineering, manufacturing scalability, and material recyclability.This review examines the fundamental design principles and recent advances in solid-state electrolyte development, focusing on inorganic (oxide and sulfide), polymeric, and hybrid electrolyte systems.Critical manufacturing challenges, including high-temperature processing requirements, interfacial instability, and the absence of scalable production methods, are analysed.Recycling complexities arising from the chemically inert nature of solid components and their robust interlayer bonding are discussed, emphasizing the need for direct recycling approaches and sustainable material selection.Strategies for commercial viability include roll-to-roll manufacturing, utilization of earth-abundant materials, and advanced interfacial engineering.Addressing these fundamental challenges will be essential for the successful deployment of ASSBs in electric vehicles, grid storage, and consumer electronics applications.