N-phenethylacetamide, diaminopimelic acid, and Gly-Val as high-performance serum biomarkers for diagnosing untreated Graves’ disease: an LC-MS-based metabolomics study

This study offers a granular metabolic profile of untreated Graves' disease, unmasking profound dysregulation within lipid and organic acid metabolism. The identified metabolites, particularly N-phenethylacetamide, diaminopimelic acid, and Gly-Val, emerge as promising high-performance serum biomarkers for GD diagnosis. These findings not only augment our comprehension of the metabolic reprogramming inherent to GD but also proffer potential targets for subsequent therapeutic endeavors. Subsequent investigations are imperative to elucidate the mechanistic roles of these metabolites in GD pathogenesis and their viability as clinical biomarkers.