Accuracy of Ultrasonography and Color Doppler in the Diagnosis of Ovarian Masses and Their Correlation with Histopathological Findings

Background: Ovarian masses are very common gynecological concern in women so, this study is comparing the ultrasonographic and color Doppler findings of ovarian masses with their histopathological diagnosis. Methods: This prospective study evaluated patients diagnosed with an ovarian mass who visited the obstetrics and gynecology and radiology department of Bakhtawar Amin Medical and Dental College, Multan, between March 2024 and February 2025. The eligible patients were divided into two groups: Group A included patients who underwent abdominal and vaginal ultrasound to assess the morphology of the pelvic mass. In contrast, Group B included patients whose ovarian masses were evaluated using color Doppler in addition to transabdominal ultrasound to examine vascularization as well as morphology. Results: Morphology scoring of transabdominal and transvaginal ultrasound showed high accuracy of 98.4%, specificity 96.8%, and NPV 98.0%, while Doppler had lower sensitivity (54.3%) but reasonable specificity (94.2%). The combined approach achieved perfect sensitivity and NPV (100%) with high accuracy (98.4%), enhancing diagnostic performance without losing specificity. Conclusion: Combining color Doppler with morphological ultrasound improves the accuracy of diagnosing pelvic tumors, enhancing malignancy detection and boosting confidence in benign diagnoses, making it a valuable tool for early disease diagnosis.