Constructing Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAGs) to Inform Tobacco Cessation Intervention Research: A Methodological Extension Using Evidence Synthesis

By applying ESC-DAG methodology, this study contributes a novel causal framework for understanding disparities in tobacco cessation intervention uptake. The resulting DAG can inform future statistical modeling, simulation studies, and equity-focused program design, supporting more effective public health strategies to reduce smoking prevalence and associated inequities.