Perspectives of Ghanaian stakeholders on the distinctions and overlaps between computer science and information technology in academia

Computer Science (CS) and Information Technology (IT) are often viewed as distinct academic disciplines, with CS traditionally emphasizing theoretical foundations and IT focused on practical applications, yet their boundaries have increasingly overlapped. This study surveyed Ghanaian students, educators, and industry professionals to examine perceptions of the distinctions and overlaps between CS and IT and to understand how these perceptions influence educational and career considerations. The results reveal a broad consensus that the two fields share core competencies and foundational knowledge. Only subtle differences in perception emerged; for instance, a slightly greater emphasis on rigorous mathematics and problem-solving in CS and a more applied orientation in IT. Statistical analyses found no significant overall divergence in views between respondent subgroups. While a narrow majority of participants still view CS and IT as distinct, a substantial minority either do not or are uncertain, reflecting blurred lines between the disciplines. These findings highlight the need for clearer academic delineation of CS versus IT programs and suggest that curricula be adapted to the fields’ convergence by incorporating more practical training in CS, increasing programming depth in IT, or introducing hybrid programs, as opined by respondents in this study. As empirically resolved, such amendments in the curriculum may better prepare graduates for emerging interdisciplinary computing roles.