Overcoming Refractory REFe <sub>2</sub> Phase Bottleneck in High‐Ce Nd–Ce–Fe–B Magnets via Praseodymium‐Induced Phase Transformation: Enabling Liquid‐Phase Grain Boundary Diffusion of Dysprosium
Abstract High‐cerium Nd–Ce–Fe–B magnets suffer from severe coercivity degradation, primarily stemming from the poor intrinsic magnetic properties of the Ce 2 Fe 14 B phase. Although dysprosium (Dy) grain boundary diffusion (GBD) has emerged as a critical strategy for coercivity enhancement, its effectiveness is significantly hindered by the presence of refractory rare‐earth REFe 2 phases. To address this bottleneck, the Dy x Pr 80−x Al 10 Ga 10 (x = 0, 20, 40, 80 at.%) diffusion sources are designed, where Pr (praseodymium), Al, and Ga synergistically transform REFe 2 into low‐melting‐point PrGa‐rich phases, thereby constructing efficient liquid‐phase diffusion pathways for Dy. First‐principles calculations indicate that the positive formation energy of Pr doped CeFe 2 phase destabilizes the (Pr, Ce)Fe 2 phase, facilitating the liquid‐phase transformation below the GBD temperature (930 °C). Correlative microstructural analyses demonstrate that these liquid‐phase pathways enable a higher Dy diffusion coefficient and more uniform core–shell structures, effectively suppressing reversed magnetic domains expansion and enhancing coercivity. For magnets with 26, 39, 45, and 61 wt.% Ce‐substitution, the robust coercivity increments of 7.0, 5.4, 5.5, and 3.9 kOe are achieved, respectively, using only ≈0.39 wt.% Dy. This strategy overcomes the long‐standing barrier of REFe 2 phases in GBD and provides a scalable route for producing Ce‐rich Nd–Ce–Fe–B magnets with high performance.
Authors
- Q. Feng (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0218-8361)
- Liu Hon (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2560-6282)
- Jinkui Fan
- Lizhong Zhao (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3153-6767)
- Haoyang Jia
- Liang Jin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8659-0536)
- Anjian Pan
- Yu Pan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8769-4193)
- Shuai Liu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5693-4617)
- Xuefeng Zhang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4110-8096)
- Dong Huang
- Yuan Hong (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6322-865X)
Institutions
- Hengdian Group DMEGC Magnetics (China) (CN)
- Hangzhou Dianzi University (CN)
- South China University of Technology (CN)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Advanced Functional Materials
- Published
- 2025-11-11
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202525964
- Citations
- 4
- Primary Topic
- Magnetic Properties of Alloys
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 1.71