A Comprehensive Review of Cyclodextrin-Modified Electrospun Nanofibers for Drug Delivery and Food Packaging Applications

Electrospinning is a versatile and economical technique for producing nanofibers (NFs) with tunable properties for diverse applications, notably drug delivery and food preservation. In recent years, cyclodextrins (CDs) and modified cyclodextrins (M-CDs) have attracted increasing interest due to their unique physicochemical properties, particularly their ability to form inclusion complexes (ICs) with hydrophobic and volatile compounds. This review discusses advancements in electrospinning methods, the structural attributes of CDs/M-CDs, and their integration into polymeric and polymer-free NF systems. CDs/M-CDs-based NFs are classified into synthetic polymer, natural polymer, hybrid blends, and pristine polymer-free formats. These systems enhance encapsulation efficiency, controlled release, stability under environmental stress, and biocompatibility. In food packaging, they impart antimicrobial and antioxidant activity, extending product shelf life. Incorporation of CDs/M-CDs with polymers or natural gums improves mechanical integrity, modulates degradation rates, and promotes eco-friendliness. The emerging trend of polymer-free CDs/M-CDs NFs eliminates carrier materials while retaining functional performance. Synergistic effects are achieved when combined with nanoparticles or bioactive agents. Despite challenges in scalability and regulatory approval, CDs/M-CDs-based NFs present promising opportunities for sustainable, smart platforms that align with global healthcare and food safety objectives.