Efficacy of acupuncture versus sham acupuncture on generalized anxiety disorder: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Acupuncture is more effective than sham acupuncture in alleviating anxiety symptoms and improving sleep and mood in patients with GAD, though effect sizes are modest and evidence certainty varies. These findings support acupuncture as a potential non-pharmacological option for GAD, yet further high-quality trials are needed to standardize protocols and clarify mechanisms.