<i>In silico</i> molecular docking analysis of potential antilipidemic bioactive constituents of <i>Coriandrum sativum</i> root extract using GC-MS

The family Umbelliferae has many phytochemicals, predominantly in the roots of many species. While various studies have been conducted on phytochemical constituents and pharmacological activities of Coriandrum sativum leaves, very few explore the roots. This research aims to explore the composition of the ethanolic extract of Coriandrum sativum roots (ECSR) and its anti-lipidemic activity. The Perkin-Elmer GC Clarus 500 system was used for gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis, while anti-obesity effects resulting from a high-fat diet (HFD) paradigm in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were used to assess the effects of ECSR. The experimental group of animals received the ECSR orally at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight, respectively. We measured parameters such as food intake, body mass index (BMI), body weight (BW), organ weight, and blood serum profiles like total cholesterol (TC), total triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL), and atherogenic index (AI). Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances (TBARS) assay are some oxidative stress markers associated with it. The compounds of the ECSR were screened, and some of them showed a promising effect in curing obesity. These compounds include things like 1,3-Propanediol, 2-ethyl-2-(hydroxymethyl), 3-tridecanol, and others. When individuals were introduced to the high-fat meal, it upset their bodies, therefore changing their weight and their lipid levels. But when they tried the ECSR therapy, it seemed to make a real difference in managing the obesity. The results show a promising effect on obesity; thus, these compounds could help battle obesity. C. sativum includes a variety of bioactive compounds that show incredible activity against different disorders, including obesity. It is highly endorsed as a phytopharmaceutical herb for the purpose of treating obesity.