Encapsulated granuloma (surgiceloma) caused by retained Surgicel® following liver lobectomy in a dog: a case report

A 12-year-old dog underwent liver lobectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma, and Surgicel® was used intraoperatively for haemostasis. Three months after surgery, computed tomography revealed a solitary abdominal mass, which was surgically removed. Histopathology identified the mass as retained Surgicel® surrounded by granulomatous inflammation. Although Surgicel® is generally considered safe, retained material may mimic abscess, haematoma or tumour recurrence on imaging. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first veterinary case describing an encapsulated granuloma caused by retained Surgicel® in a dog. This case highlights that Surgicel® may persist and induce granulomatous inflammation, mimicking significant postoperative complications on imaging. Accurate intraoperative documentation and awareness of this potential pitfall are essential to prevent misdiagnosis and avoid unnecessary procedures.