Translation and Interpretation of the ‘Way’ Motif in Proverbs 4:10-19: A Comparative Study of the Masoretic Text and the Septuagint

This study examines the ‘way’ (דֶּרֶךְ / ὁδός) motif in Proverbs 4:10-19 through a comparative analysis of the Masoretic Text (MT) and the Septuagint (LXX), proposing a comprehensive interpretation that integrates the existential and practical dimensions of wisdom literature. While previous scholarship has emphasized either the ontological significance or the educational function of the ‘way’ motif, this research demonstrates that the concept functions simultaneously as both ‘life direction’ and ‘life principle.<br/> ’The methodology employs textual comparison between the MT and the LXX, examining assimilation and dissimilation phenomena in translation to understand how ancient translators interpreted the Hebrew text. The analysis reveals that LXX translators consistently rendered singular Hebrew terms for ‘way’ into plural forms, suggesting a multilayered understanding of life’s pathways. Particularly significant is the LXX’s addition of explanatory clauses and theological interpretations that expand the practical implications of wisdom.<br/> Key findings include: (1) the ‘way’ motif serves as a foundational framework connecting the intergenerational transmission of wisdom (4:1-9) with its practical application (4:20-27), (2) LXX translation strategies reflect Hellenistic interpretations that emphasize both the progressive nature of righteous living and the destructive consequences of wickedness, (3) the contrast between the way of wisdom and the way of the wicked functions as fundamental principles governing human existence.<br/> The study concludes that the ‘way’ motif in Proverb 4:10-19 provides an integrated understanding of wisdom that encompasses both existential orientation and practical guidance. The comparative analysis between the MT and the LXX enriches our understanding of how ancient interpreters understood the enduring significance of biblical wisdom for contemporary application.