Evaluating the Beneficial Effect of Empagliflozin in Reducing Hospitalisation for Heart Failure in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular complications, with heart failure (HF) remaining a major cause of hospitalisation and mortality. Empagliflozin, a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, has demonstrated consistent cardioprotective effects in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Evidence shows that treatment with empagliflozin reduces the risk of hospitalisation for HF, with benefits that appear to extend beyond glucose lowering. These effects are thought to be mediated through mechanisms such as improved cardiac loading conditions, enhanced natriuresis, and optimised myocardial metabolism. Overall, empagliflozin represents an effective therapeutic option for reducing cardiovascular morbidity and hospital admissions in individuals with T2DM who are at risk for HF.