Modulation of TNFα-driven neuroinflammation by Gardenin A: insights from in vitro, in vivo, and in silico studies

GarA demonstrates neuroprotective potential, with evidence suggesting modulation of neuroinflammation and oxidative stress that may involve TNFα and BDNF pathways. These promising findings suggest potential therapeutic applications for GarA in addressing alcohol-related neurodegeneration. Future research focusing on clinical trials may prove helpful in validating these preclinical findings. Expanding studies to include diverse animal models and exploring combinatory treatments with existing AUD therapies could enhance understanding and application. Such efforts may pave the way for incorporating GarA into comprehensive pharmacotherapeutic strategies aimed at mitigating the neuropathological effects of chronic alcohol consumption.