Unveiling synergistic enhancement mechanisms of organizational resilience in engineering projects: an integrated ISM-MICMAC and Bayesian network framework

Purpose Organizational resilience is essential for maintaining stable operation of engineering projects in turbulent environments. Despite growing attention, limited research has systematically explored the multidimensional drivers of organizational resilience and the complex interdependencies that influence its development and enhancement pathways. Design/methodology/approach This study develops an engineering project organizational resilience (EPOR) analytical framework by integrating interpretive structural modeling with cross-impact matrix multiplication (ISM-MICMAC) and the Bayesian network approach. Findings (1) EPOR exhibits a four-dimensional structure characteristic, encompassing resilience capabilities, perception, actions and resources, totaling 28 defined elements; (2) Five key drivers are identified, including decision response capability, situational awareness capability, risk identification and assessment, slack resources and human capital; (3) Seven high-impact enhancement pathways are identified, revealing that synergistic interactions among factors can trigger cascading resilience gains. Originality/value This research contributes a multi-level decision-support tool and a transferable hybrid framework for organizational resilience assessment and optimization. The findings offer theoretical insights and practical guidance for enhancing EPOR, supporting improved preparedness and adaptability in dynamic construction environments.