Dual biomimetic milli-channels for directional and programmable liquid transport

The ability to transport liquids in a controllable and directed manner enables significant applications in various fields. Herein, inspired by horned lizards and tree vessels, we propose a unique type of periodic directional liquid transport milli-channels (DLTMCs). The bionic structures are fully compatible with 3D printing technique with high processing precision. The DLTMCs can spontaneously transport liquids in the forward direction while selectively rejecting liquids in the reverse direction. By adjusting the surface tension of the transported liquids, the unidirectionality of DLTMCs can be precisely tailored, enabling them to effectively regulate the rate of liquid transport. Moreover, liquid diodes and selective switches can be precisely constructed based on DLTMCs. In addition, their high spatial adaptability can be utilized to construct complex liquid paths for precise directional transport within a two-dimensional plane. In the vertical direction, the DLTMCs also demonstrates effective liquid transport in the forward direction and rejection in the reverse direction. Most significantly, a J-shaped siphon tube made from the improved bionic DLTMCs can achieve spontaneous siphoning at a maximum rate of 11.2 ml/min, validating their excellent ability to efficiently and quickly transport large amounts of liquids in a unidirectional manner. • The inspiration for the directional liquid transport milli-channels comes from the skin of the horned lizard and the water transport of trees, constructing a channel structure suitable for ultra fast 3D printing processing. • The direction and speed of liquid transport can be precisely controlled based on surface tension, with a surface tension threshold of approximately 50 mN/m • The transport mechanism driven by the geometric configuration of the unit has spatial adaptability and can realize programmable liquid diodes, surface tension-gated logic circuits and maze-navigating microfluidic paths. • Vertical self suction without external capability, with a maximum rate of 11.2 ml/min.