Analysis of Grid-Forming Interconnection Standards and Performance Verification for Field Application

In this study, we developed and validated Grid Forming(GFM) inverters capable of maintaining stable voltage and frequency based on voltage-source characteristics. To this end, major international grid codes were reviewed to derive GFM-related requirements and test standards. The control algorithms were verified through Electromagnetic Transient(EMT) simulations and Hardware in the Loop System(HILS). In particular, this paper focuses on P-HILS test results conducted in conjunction with a grid simulator to assess dynamic performance. The performance validated through P-HILS was further applied to a real-field demonstration in Jeju Island, which has a high share of renewable energy. The results confirmed that the GFM inverters met international standards in terms of P–f response, Q–V control, and Fault Ride Through(FRT). This study proposes GFM performance standards and test procedures tailored to the domestic power system environment, thereby contributing to the future expansion of GFM applications and the establishment of Inverter Based Resource(IBR) integrated grid systems.