Voice restoration possibilities in unilateral laryngeal paralysis (analysis of 3451 cases)

The analysis of cases of unilateral laryngeal paralysis identified in the Sverzhevsky Research Clinical Institute of Otorhinolaryngology in 2018-2024 was carried out. Laryngeal paralysis was detected in 11% of all outpatient patients with a phoniatric profile. The etiology is dominated by iatrogenic genesis, intraoperative trauma (71%), more often due to interventions on the thyroid gland, parathyroid glands and blood vessels. According to the results of a comprehensive examination of patients, laryngeal paralysis of unknown etiology was diagnosed in 16.5% of cases. The assessment of the clinical and functional state of the larynx in most cases showed a predominant paramedian position of the paralyzed vocal fold with the phenomena of rotation of the arytenoid cartilage and compensatory hypertrophy of the vestibular larynx. Complex therapy in combination with phonopedia has resulted in the best results of restoring mobility and compensating for vocal function and is preferred in patients with unilateral laryngeal paralysis.