Artificial Intelligence–Based Electrocardiogram Model as a Predictor of Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation Following Cardiac Surgery: Retrospective Cohort Study

The AI-ECG-AF model serves as a novel, robust, and independent risk factor for postoperative AF following cardiac surgery and provides additive or synergistic predictive value when integrated with existing postoperative AF prediction tools or other risk factors. By capturing atrial electrophysiological vulnerability not reflected in conventional clinical scores, the AI-ECG-AF model may function as a noninvasive biomarker for preoperative risk stratification for postoperative AF prediction in cardiac surgery patients, potentially enabling targeted prophylaxis and closer monitoring during the perioperative period.