Analysis of the Development and Improvement of First–Fourth Generation Steels with Reduced and Controlled Hardenability

A method for strengthening heavily loaded machine parts using volume–surface quenching (VSQ) of carbon steels of reduced (RH) or controlled (CH) hardenability is considered. The properties of these steels, their microstructure, and hardenability are described. Various technological processes for manufacturing steel parts are discussed. The simplification of preliminary heat treatment without decreasing quality by utilizing the heat from previous hot metal forming operations is considered; in some cases, this allows for complete elimination of preliminary heat treatment. The possibility of using preliminary and, in some cases, final heat treatment to entirely prevent flake formation is also discussed.