Oncology Fellowship Training in Morocco: Bridging Global Innovation and Local Practice

Background Emerging therapies such as immunotherapy and antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) have revolutionized oncology worldwide. However, access to these innovations remains highly unequal across regions, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where education and practice often lag behind therapeutic advances. Objective This perspective critically describes the structure of oncology fellowship training in Morocco, illustrating how residents adapt to global innovations through hybrid training models that combine national residency and international fellowship exposure. Methods A descriptive and comparative approach was used, drawing from institutional experience, fellowship curricula, and international training frameworks to analyze the Moroccan model within the broader LMIC context. Description and Findings: Moroccan oncology residency includes four years of progressive hospital-based training, complemented by structured international fellowships such as the Diplôme de Formation Médicale Spécialisée (DFMS) or FOSFOM in France and Belgium. Fellows gain hands-on experience with immunotherapy, ADCs, and multidisciplinary cancer care. Continuous learning through congresses (ASCO, ESMO) and digital education platforms further strengthens competencies. Conclusions This hybrid educational pathway bridges global innovation and local clinical realities. The Moroccan experience highlights the importance of structured mentorship, bilingual education, and international collaboration in shaping a sustainable oncology workforce for LMICs.