MiR-425-5p Mediation of Malignant Behavior and Immune Escape of Cervical Cancer Cells by Targeting NCAM1

MicroRNA (miR)-425-5p is used as a molecular biomarker to identify cervical cancer (CxCa). However, few studies have examined the miR-425-5p-based modulation of the vital activities of CxCa cells. The levels of neural cell adhesion molecule 1 (NCAM1) and miR-425-5p in CxCa tissues and cells were tested using western blot and reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) tests. CxCa cells' malignant phenotype was examined through clone formation tests, and transwell tests. CD8+T cells were co-cultured with CxCa cells and then analyzed for apoptosis rates and the expression of activation proteins (granzyme B (GZMB) and perforin) as well as immune factors (tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ)) using flow cytometry, western blot, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods. Finally, in nude mouse experiments, the tumor size was measured for subcutaneous tumors, and the expression of CD8+T cell-related factors was detected. The NCAM1 and miR-425-5p were down-regulated and up-regulated in CxCa tissue and cells, respectively. After silencing miR-425-5p, CxCa cells showed attenuation in vitality, clone formation rate, and their capacities to migrate, penetrate, and evade immune responses. NCAM1 was targeted and silenced by miR-425-5p. When NCAM1 was silenced, it partially counteracted miR-425-5p's inhibitory effects on the immune escape and proliferation. In nude mice, the tumor size and weight decreased after silencing miR-425-5p, and levels of CD8, IFN-γ, TNF-α, perforin, and GZMB were elevated. However, these changes were reversed when NCAM1 was silenced. In conclusion, miR-425-5p mediates the biological behavior and immune evasion of CxCa cells by regulating NCAM1.