Mediastinal Intrathymic Symptomatic Parathyroid Adenoma and Robot-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery (RATS) Approach

Anterior mediastinal masses, including thymomas, lymphomas, and ectopic parathyroid adenomas, pose diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to anatomical complexity and diverse aetiologies. Symptoms often stem from local compression, requiring multimodal imaging such as CT, MRI, and PET for accurate diagnosis. Primary hyperparathyroidism, frequently linked to ectopic parathyroid adenomas, causes hypercalcaemia and systemic complications. Traditionally managed via sternotomy, advancements in minimally invasive techniques, particularly video-assisted (VATS) and robot-assisted thoracoscopic surgeries (RATS), have improved outcomes. This report highlights a 50-year-old male patient with hyperparathyroidism and hypercalcaemia who underwent successful RATS for a 2.9 cm anterior mediastinal mass. Postoperatively, his calcium and parathyroid hormone levels normalised, demonstrating RATS as a precise and effective option for complex mediastinal lesions.