Neoliberal Equality? Economic Frames of Gender and Diversity in EU and US Science Policies

Abstract Economic and neoliberal frames have emerged in policy discourses on gender equality and diversity in research and science in both the United States and the European Union. By analyzing 108 stakeholder reports with critical policy analysis, we compare how and why they vary between the two contexts. To explain significant variations in neoliberal frames, we draw on the theory of “frame resonance,” arguing that certain frames resonate particularly well with specific national narratives, identity discourses, and sociopolitical challenges. US reports often invoke the “American Dream,” while EU reports draw on the Union’s founding mission to unite war-torn Europe or try to increase the Union’s legitimacy. We conclude that not all benefits expected from gender equality and diversity are purely economic and might, therefore, be better described as “utilitarian frames.”