Zingiber officinale (Ginger): A Comprehensive Review of Its Therapeutic Potential

Background: Officially called (Zingiber officinale Roscoe), which is ginger, is a commonly used spice that is easily accessible. As a ginger spice, it contains various chemical constituents, including phenolic compounds, terpenes, polysaccharides, lipids, organic acids, and raw fibers.  Aim: In this review, we describe the latest data on ginger’s bioactive constituents, which incorporate ginger biochemicals and ginger bioactivities and their actions. The review will also discuss certain therapeutic applications of ginger in light of the current available literature. Methods: The reviewed data were abstracted utilizing scientific platforms, including Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Results: The health benefits of ginger are primarily attributed to the phenolic compounds gingerols and shogaols. Ginger exhibits multiple biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anticancer, neuroprotective, and cardiovascular protective properties. Additionally, ginger has respiratory protective, anti-obesity, antidiabetic, as well as anti-nausea and antiemetic effects. Conclusion: According to this review, ginger has a great bioactive profile, and its active components have positive therapeutic effects.