Role of ion channels in immune regulation of psoriasis

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease marked by abnormal keratinocyte growth, immune dysfunction, and a weakened skin barrier. Affecting 2-3% of the global population, it lowers quality of life and is linked to systemic conditions. Though treatments have improved, many patients still lack effective options. Recent research emphasizes the critical role of ion channels, especially cation channels, in psoriasis. These channels influence keratinocyte proliferation, differentiation, immune responses, and apoptosis. Dysregulation of calcium, potassium, sodium, and chloride channels contributes to inflammation, skin barrier issues, and keratinocyte malfunction. For instance, transient receptor potential channels affect inflammation and differentiation, while voltage-gated potassium channels impact immune cell activity and cytokine release. This review summarizes how cation channels contribute to psoriasis and highlights their therapeutic potential, offering new directions for targeted treatments aimed at restoring skin integrity and reducing inflammation.