S1096 Long-Term Risk of Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Functional Dyspepsia Following Infectious Gastroenteritis: A 10-Year Retrospective Cohort Study

Introduction: Infectious gastroenteritis (IGE) has been associated with the development of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and other functional dyspepsia (FD). However, long-term outcomes remain inadequately characterized. We aimed to examine the long-term risk of IBS and FD following IGE using a large, multicenter electronic database. Methods: A retrospective cohort study using the TriNetX US Collaborative Network. We included adult patients aged 18 years and older from Jan 2000 to Dec 2014, who developed IGE. Patients with anxiety, depression, lactose intolerance, inflammatory bowel disease, gallbladder disease, anorexia nervosa, and bulimia nervosa were excluded. Adults diagnosed with IGE (cohort 1) were matched 1:1 with controls without IGE (cohort 2) using propensity score matching for demographics and comorbidities. Study outcomes were assessed at 1, 5, and 10 years. Primary outcomes included the incidence of IBS, and functional dyspepsia. Secondary outcomes were diarrhea, constipation, bloating, nausea and/or vomiting. Outcomes were expressed in adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Results: After PSM, each cohort included 132,340 patients. Patients in cohort 1 had a significantly increased risk of developing IBS and FD compared to cohort 2 at 1, 5, and 10 years after the infection. At 1-year follow-up, The incidence of IBS was higher in cohort 1 (aOR 1.18; 95% CI: 1.03–1.35; P = 0.015), as was the incidence of FD (aOR 1.49; 95% CI: 1.24–1.78; P < 0.001). At 5 years, the risk remained elevated for both IBS (aOR 1.12; 95% CI: 1.03–1.21; P = 0.008) and functional dyspepsia (aOR 1.52; 95% CI: 1.38–1.68; P < 0.001). This increased risk persisted at 10 years for both IBS (aOR 1.24; 95% CI: 1.16–1.33; P < 0.001), and FD (aOR 1.57; 95% CI: 1.45–1.71; P < 0.001). Conclusion: Infectious gastroenteritis is associated with an increased risk of irritable bowel syndrome and other functional dyspepsia at 1, 5, and 10 years after the infection. These results highlight the importance of carefully monitoring patients with a history of infectious gastroenteritis over time, especially if they continue to experience digestive symptoms.